Since I’m now a freelance editor, I’ve decided to start a new feature on my blog: Jen’s Editing Tips. This will give me a chance to share some of the common mistakes and missteps I come across in the work I edit, and hopefully help you avoid them.
To kick things off, I’m going to discuss one of my biggest editing pet peeves: White space.
Or rather, the lack of it.
As you probably assumed, white space refers to the empty areas on a page. You know, the lovely gaps between paragraphs. The simple, yet powerful tool writers use to present their stories to audiences.
Before I get into the exact reasons why white space is so important, let me show you an example. Below is my 150-word flash fiction piece, Crumb Layer.
Without white space:
When I was little, my mom would let me help her frost cakes. “Remember, Annie,” she’d say, “the first layer is the crumb layer. You frost, wait, frost again, and—voila! See?” She’d point at a finished cake. No crumbs, no blemishes. The decorating method worked beautifully. It still does. I hum to myself as I spread a second layer of white goo over the crumbly surface. I dip, swirl, smear, and wipe my metal spatula down and up, left to right. Over and over. I work carefully, but quickly. I have to. Even with the heater on, the house is cold, and the cold makes things set faster. I give one final swipe and stand back to study my handiwork. I smile. The plastered wall looks great. With a layer of paint, it’ll look perfect. Nobody will ever suspect I hid a dead body behind it.
With white space:
When I was little, my mom would let me help her frost cakes. “Remember, Annie,” she’d say, “the first layer is the crumb layer. You frost, wait, frost again, and—voila! See?” She’d point at a finished cake. No crumbs, no blemishes. The decorating method worked beautifully.
It still does.
I hum to myself as I spread a second layer of white goo over the crumbly surface. I dip, swirl, smear, and wipe my metal spatula down and up, left to right. Over and over. I work carefully, but quickly. I have to. Even with the heater on, the house is cold, and the cold makes things set faster.
I give one final swipe and stand back to study my handiwork. I smile.
The plastered wall looks great. With a layer of paint, it’ll look perfect.
Nobody will ever suspect I hid a dead body behind it.
See the difference? With just a few taps of the return key, I was able to strengthen my story without changing a single word of it. It read faster, cleaner, and easier. It also had more tension and landed a bigger punch at the very end.
So, now that you’ve seen what I’m talking about, let me list some specific benefits of using white space:
Reader-friendly
The majority of readers love to see white space on a page. It immediately welcomes them into a story, encourages them to keep reading, and tricks them into thinking they’re reading less (even though they’re not). To most readers, white space says, “Hey, I’m your buddy. I’m not gonna overwhelm you with long, dense paragraphs that make you want to quit before you’ve even begun.”
Trust me, your readers will be more enthusiastic and less intimidated if you insert white space into your work.
Pacing
White space is one of the best and easiest ways to control the pacing of your story. To speed things up, use more of it. To slow things down, use less of it. Simple, right?
Of course, that doesn’t mean you should use tons and tons of white space.
Just because you use more doesn’t mean people will zip through your story.
In fact, too much white space can be as detrimental as not enough.
Why?
Because, as you might see here, white space can become distracting.
Too much of it, and your story loses its cohesion and fluidity.
It also takes on a jagged feel.
And readers might get lost.
Or irritated.
Or both.
So don’t overdo it!
…Don’t.
Rhythm
Think about how a song would sound if it stayed in the same key from start to finish:
Bum-bum-bum. Bum-bum-bum. Bum-bum-bum. Bum-bum-bum. Bum-bum-bum. Bum-bum-bum. Bum-bum-bum. Bum-bum-bum. Bum-bum-bum.Bum-bum-bum. Bum-bum-bum. Bum-bum-bum. Bum-bum-bum. Bum-bum-bum. Bum-bum-bum. Bum-bum-bum.
Not exactly thrilling, is it? Let’s mix things up by adding some variety.
Bum-bum-bum. Bum-bum-bum.
Bum-bum-bum. Bum-bum-bum. Bum-bum-bum. Bum-bum-bum. Bum-bum-bum. Bum-bum-bum. Bum-bum-bum.Bum-bum-bum. Bum-bum-bum. Bum-bum-bum.
Bum-bum-bum. Bum-bum-bum. Bum-bum-bum.
Bum-bum-bum.
See? Even without changing the monotonous “lyrics,” the rhythm changed because I added white space. That’s how you should approach a story. You should remember it isn’t just words on paper. It’s a song and your audience listens closely. If they’re not grooving to the beat, then there’s a chance they’ll switch to another station (er, book).
Emphasis
One of my favorite things about white space is it ensures readers know something significant happened. Like, a new character was introduced or a plot twist was revealed. It also helps magnetize key moments in a scene. It ups the level of drama, hilarity, or, as seen in the example below, terror.
The smell of rot stung her nose, making her eyes water. Howls and groans she couldn’t comprehend echoed around her. They seemed to be coming from every direction.
Pete shoved Andy into Kate’s arms. “Run, dammit!”
She hugged Andy to her and bolted. The sky shrieked with inhuman sounds, and the ground trembled so violently, she feared she’d tumble.
The sky went white.
Blinding, icy, horrifying white.
If I hadn’t isolated those last two lines in my story “Inevitable,” they would’ve been diluted and lost amongst the other horrific events in the story. And they wouldn’t have amped up the tension and propelled readers to the very end.
Limits Confusion
In addition to emphasizing vital plot points and powerful moments in a story, white space helps cut down on confusion.
Think about it:
If you clump everything together–characters, plot twists, scene changes, time leaps–it’s likely your readers will miss something important. And once that happens, they’ll inevitably get confused. And confused readers tend to become bored readers. And bored readers will likely set your story aside to read one that doesn’t have them scratching their head.
Bottom line, no matter what your personal style is, white space is a key element in storytelling. Whether you enjoy using a lot or a little of it, it must be used to some capacity to ensure your story is presented in the clearest, most satisfying way to readers.
So, what do you think about this simple, yet strategic editing tool? Is it something you think about while writing? Or is it something you haven’t considered? I’d love to hear your thoughts!
Photo credits: giphy
Jen's Pen Den 
Thank you for all your wonderful tips and information. I value them greatly. ❤
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More than happy to help!
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I remember talking with you about this in the past, and it’s helped me a lot 🙂
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It is one of my biggest writing/reading pet peeves 😛 So glad my tips have helped you out!
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Reblogged this on My Passion's Pen and commented:
A clever and clear explanation of the importance of an oft-overlooked aspect of storytelling.
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You’re timing couldn’t be better! I formatted my ebook with a bit of space between the paragraphs – because I like reading that way. I also kept the indents, because I like that too. Then I read an editing post that said that ebooks should be formatted without spaces. I looked up reader opinions and they were completely mixed. What’s your opinion of small gaps between paragraphs and indents? Thanks so much for these tips! 🙂
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To be honest, I’m not up-to-date on e-book formatting. However, I would approach it the same way I’d approach any story. I’d keep the indentations and I wouldn’t put a gap between paragraphs that’s any bigger than what you see when you hit the return key (unless you’re jumping ahead to a different scene/time and need to show that break). White space is white space, and I think it’s needed no matter what format you’re reading it in.
I hope that helps! If not, maybe someone on here can offer better insight?
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Thank you, Jen. Your reply was helpful. It’s interesting that the rules have become more fluid. Personally I like having the flexibility. 🙂
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Well put… great examples. 🙂
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Reblogged this on Chris The Story Reading Ape's Blog and commented:
Thought you might like to follow this new series by Jen 😀
Don’t forget to subscribe to her blog to see the whole series as it unfolds 😀
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That was really interesting and makes perfect sense to me, certainly as a reader. I didn’t realise quite how much it is used to control pace, rhythm and. suspense, but it certainly works! 🙂
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Reblogged this on Barrow Blogs: .
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Thank you for the valuable information. I tend to use my spacing by instinct but sometimes that doesn’t look or read well. This is very helpful. 🙂
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All excellent points.
And I do use white space. I’ve tended to think of it as “paragraphing,” but it amounts to white space. This gives me another way to look at it.
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Those are great tips!
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